According to the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, World emissions of carbon dioxide may rise by 43% between 2010 and 2035 as fossil fuels remain the main source of energy and coal becomes the number one fuel.
OPEC in its annual report published said that "In the likely absence of an early and widespread deployment of carbon capture and storage, there will be an increase in global annual CO2 emissions."
Discharges of greenhouse gases, blamed for climate change, must be reduced by at least 50% by 2050 compared with 1990 levels to limit warming to 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above the global average in the pre industrial era and avoid more intense heat waves, floods and storms, a United Nations scientific panel on climate change has said.
More than 190 nations will discuss emission-reduction rules for the period after 2012 when the current targets for developed nations under the Kyoto Protocol expire at a UN climate summit in Durban, South Africa, starting November 28.
Envoys worldwide have failed to agree on a global climate-protection framework amid differences between developed and developing countries.
OPEC said that commercial primary energy demand may increase 51% over the 2010-2035 period, with fossil fuels making up 82% of the global total. Oil, retaining the largest share among energy sources for most of the projection period, will be by 2035 overtaken by coal, which will represent 29 percent of total energy, similar to today.
It said that the demand for oil assumed in the report's reference scenario could fall if nations worldwide take action to cut greenhouse gases.
According to the report, "If a strict GHG regime were to emerge, one which attached additional costs to upstream and downstream operations, then this would typically have a negative impact upon future demand and supply growth, and, in all probability, upon oil prices and costs."
According to OPEC, while fossil fuels remain the main source of energy, emissions by industrialized and developing nations known under the Kyoto treaty as non-Annex 1 countries will be approximately equal by 2012 and by 2035 the latter will account for 65% of the global total. Emissions by developed nations will be 2% below 1990 levels by this time.
China the world's biggest polluter, pledged to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide it emits for each unit of economic output by 40% to 45% by 2020 from 2005 levels. Chinese negotiators resisted a cap on the absolute amount of greenhouse gases the country emits, arguing that the US and other wealthy nations should bear the brunt of emissions cuts.
According to OPEC, cumulative emissions from developed countries will continue to exceed discharges from poorer nations and by 2035 will account for 61% of the total pollution from 1900.
